Curated recipes from 193 countries  •  New seasonal Mediterranean issue out now

Overview

Pasembur

Rojak Mamak, Indian Rojak, Pasemboq

This pasembur recipe piles crisp prawn fritters, fried tofu and tempeh, boiled potatoes and sweet potatoes, cucumber and bean sprouts onto a plate, then drowns the lot in a sweet, spicy peanut sauce. It is Penang’s mamak-stall classic: crunchy, soft, sour, sweet and hot all at once. One serving is about 400 g, with sauce.

Pasembur is Penang’s name for the salad the rest of Malaysia calls rojak mamak — the "Indian rojak" sold at mamak stalls, the Tamil Muslim eateries that are part of the island’s street-food soul. The dish is a meeting of cultures: Chinese-style fritters and tofu, Malay potatoes and cucumber, Indian spices and tamarind, all pulled together by a sweet, spicy peanut sauce. Hawkers in George Town have sold it from pushcarts since the early twentieth century, letting each customer point at the fritters and seafood they want, then drowning the lot in sauce. It is still eaten standing up at the stall, with the sauce dripping down your fingers.

Pairs well with: A cup of teh tarik and a wedge of lime on the side.

Provenance

Malaysia flag Malaysia

Penang Heritage

East & South Asia

Time Dedication

55m

30m prep • 25m cook

Batch Yield

4 Servings

666 kcal per serving

1 serving ≈ 400 g

Technical Skill

Intermediate

Medium (Fry & Assemble)

Meal Timing & Digestive Fit

Breakfast

Not Advised

Lunch

Prime Metabolic Fit

Dinner

Ideal Hearty Main

Snack & Tea

Inappropriate

Occasions: Hawker-stall lunches, Penang street food, family gatherings, spicy-food days Cost: Low — about $3–4 per serving at home
A plate of pasembur with golden fritters, tofu, red onion and green chilli, with a bowl of red peanut sauce beside it

Penang Heritage

Photo: Mokkie, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Heritage Formulary

Measured Ingredients

Estimated cost: Low — about $3–4 per serving at home (USD)

Made the Penang mamak way: crisp prawn fritters and fried tofu, boiled potatoes, fresh cucumber and sprouts, and a peanut sauce balanced sweet, sour and hot.

Execution Methodology & Culinary Technique

Step-by-Step Cooking Guide

Active 55m
P

Prep Stage: Sauce, Boil & Batter

30 Mins • Grinding & Boiling

Grind the peanuts, soak the dried chillies, and boil the potatoes, sweet potatoes and eggs. Mix the fritter batter and leave it to rest while the potatoes cook.

Maestro Tip: Toast the belacan in a dry pan first — raw belacan tastes harsh, toasted it turns deep and savoury.

  1. 1

    Blend the Peanut Sauce

    10 Mins Medium heat, ~90°C (195°F)

    Blend the ground peanuts with the soaked chillies, toasted belacan, palm sugar, tamarind paste and soy sauce, adding the water a little at a time until the sauce is thick but pourable. Tip into a pan, simmer gently for 5 minutes, and season with salt. Keep warm.

    Taste and balance it: sweet from the palm sugar, sour from the tamarind, hot from the chilli.

    Done when: A glossy, brick-red sauce that falls slowly off a spoon.

  2. 2

    Boil the Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes & Eggs

    15 Mins Boiling, 100°C (212°F)

    Boil the potatoes and sweet potatoes in their skins for about 15 minutes until just tender, and boil the eggs for 9 minutes in the same pot. Drain, cool slightly, peel the potatoes and eggs, and cut the potatoes into chunks.

    Cook them just tender — soft potatoes collapse under the sauce.

    Done when: Potatoes that a knife enters easily but that still hold their shape.

  3. 3

    Mix the Prawn Fritter Batter

    5 Mins Room temperature, ~20°C (68°F)

    Whisk the flour, baking powder and turmeric with 60 ml cold water until smooth, then fold in the chopped shrimp and half the bean sprouts. Rest the batter for 10 minutes.

    Cold water keeps the batter light; warm water makes heavy fritters.

    Done when: A thick batter that drops slowly off the spoon, studded with shrimp.

  4. 4

    Fry the Tofu, Tempeh & Fritters

    12 Mins Medium-high heat, ~175°C (350°F)

    Heat the oil until it shimmers. Fry the tofu and tempeh in batches for 2–3 minutes per side until golden and crisp, and drain on a rack. Then drop spoonfuls of batter into the oil and fry for 3 minutes per side until deep golden. The shrimp inside must be opaque and cooked through.

    Fry in small batches so the oil stays hot and the fritters stay crisp.

    Done when: Golden fritters, tofu and tempeh, crisp outside and steaming inside.

  5. 5

    Cut and Assemble the Plate

    8 Mins Room temperature, ~20°C (68°F)

    Cut the fried tofu, tempeh and fritters into bite-sized pieces. Pile them on a wide plate with the potato chunks, cucumber, remaining bean sprouts, red onion rings and green chillies. Halve the eggs and tuck them around the edge.

    Cut everything to a similar size so each forkful gets a bit of everything.

    Done when: A colourful mound of golden fritters, white tofu, orange sweet potato and green cucumber.

  6. 6

    Sauce and Serve

    5 Mins Room temperature, ~20°C (68°F)

    Spoon the warm peanut sauce generously over the whole plate, or serve it in a small bowl on the side for dipping. Serve at once while the fritters are still crisp.

    Sauce at the table keeps the fritters crisp for people who like to dip.

    Done when: A glossy, red-brown sauce coating the fritters, with onion and chilli showing through.

Finishing Touches & Plating

Serve pasembur the moment the sauce goes on — the contrast between crisp fritters and warm, sweet-spicy sauce is the whole point. Put extra sauce, lime wedges and sliced chillies on the table so everyone can tune their own plate.

Nutritional Physiology & Benefits

Nutrition

Energy

666

kcal / serving

Protein

38g

Complete AA

Carbs

60g

Complex

Fats

34g

Healthy

Per serving (4 servings · 1 serving ≈ 400 g)
Energy666 kcal
Protein38 g
Carbohydrates60 g
Fat34 g
Fibre10.3 g
Sugar19.6 g
Sodium794 mg
Per 100g
Energy166 kcal
Protein9.6 g
Carbohydrates15 g
Fat8.5 g
Fibre2.6 g
Sugar4.9 g
Sodium198 mg

Nutrition values are estimated — calculated from USDA FoodData Central values for the listed ingredients.

Vitamins & minerals: The peanuts, tofu and tempeh supply vitamin E, B vitamins and magnesium, the sweet potatoes add vitamin A, and the chillies add vitamin C.

Plant Protein Power

With about 38.4 g of protein per serving from tofu, tempeh, egg and shrimp, this is a filling lunch built mostly on plant protein.

Fibre from Vegetables & Peanuts

The bean sprouts, cucumber, potatoes and peanuts give this plate a good amount of fibre, which supports normal digestion.

Vitamin A & E

Sweet potatoes supply vitamin A and peanuts supply vitamin E, both useful nutrients in an ordinary varied diet.

Food Pairings

What to Eat With

To optimize nutrient absorption and elevate the sensory depth, pair with these authentic accompaniments:

Drinks

Teh Tarik

Sweet, frothy pulled tea is the classic mamak-stall drink, and its milky sweetness tames the chilli in the sauce.

Vegetables

Extra Cucumber & Lime

Cool cucumber and a squeeze of lime cut through the rich peanut sauce and refresh the palate between bites.

Sides

Extra Peanut Sauce

A second small bowl of sauce is never wasted — the fritters drink it up, and it is the flavour everyone remembers.

More Pairings

Ais Kacang for Dessert

Shaved ice with red beans and syrup is the traditional Penang follow-up to a hot, spicy mamak meal.

Complete menu

Serve one plate per person with teh tarik, follow with fresh fruit, and finish with ais kacang.

Digestive Guardrails

What NOT to Combine

To prevent digestive distress, sluggishness, or palate clash, avoid pairing the dish with these elements:

Saucing Too Early

Sauce poured on long before serving soaks the fritters soft and kills the crunch — sauce at the table, just before eating. This is general food information, not medical advice.

Raw Bean Sprouts for Vulnerable People

Bean sprouts are blanched here, but raw sprouts can carry harmful bacteria, so young children, pregnant women and older people should only eat them fully cooked. This is general food information, not medical advice.

General information only, not medical advice — consult a doctor for personal dietary decisions.

Who Should Eat It

Who Should Eat

  • General adultsA hearty lunch — about 666 kcal and 38.4 g protein per serving, best eaten hot and in the stated portion.
  • ChildrenChildren love the sweet peanut sauce; serve the chillies on the side and cut the fritters small for little hands.
  • ElderlySoft potatoes and tender tofu are easy to eat, but the fritters are crisp — a modest portion with extra sauce is comfortable.
  • Pregnant womenFine as an occasional lunch when the shrimp is cooked right through and the sprouts are blanched; keep the chilli mild. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • Breastfeeding womenAn energy-rich, protein-rich lunch; one serving is enough because the peanut sauce is very filling. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • AthletesGood fuel after training, with about 38.4 g protein and plenty of carbohydrate per serving — pair it with extra cucumber rather than more sauce.
  • Weight gainEnergy-dense and easy to eat in a good amount, so it suits weight gain when served with extra sauce.
  • Weight lossRich and filling at about 666 kcal per serving; enjoy a smaller plate with extra vegetables and less sauce.

Health Conditions — Adjust or Avoid

Conditions

  • DiabetesThe palm sugar and sweet potatoes carry a lot of carbohydrate, so keep the portion as stated and go easy on the extra sauce. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • High blood pressureOne serving carries about 794 mg sodium, which is modest, but the belacan and soy sauce are salty — do not add extra salt. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • Kidney diseasePortions should stay modest, and the salt and protein content matter for some kidney diets. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • GoutShrimp and belacan are the main purine sources here, so keep to one modest serving and drink water with the meal. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • Stomach issuesA rich, spicy plate can be heavy on a sensitive stomach; eat slowly, take a smaller portion, and use less chilli if it bothers you. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • Cardiovascular diseaseThe dish is rich in fat from the peanuts and frying, so one modest serving with plenty of vegetables is a better balance than a second helping. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • Fatty liverThe dish is energy-dense, so keep portions modest and avoid eating it late at night. Ask your clinician about portions.
  • Food allergiesContains peanuts, shrimp (including belacan shrimp paste), soy, wheat (flour) and egg. People with peanut, shellfish, soy, wheat or egg allergy should not eat it. Ask your clinician about safe alternatives.
  • Special therapeutic dietsNot suitable for a low-fat therapeutic diet as written; a lighter version would need far less peanut sauce and baked, not fried, fritters. Ask your clinician about safe alternatives.

If you have a medical condition, consult your doctor before changing your diet.

Storage & Use

Storage & Use

How to store
Cool completely, then store the fried items, vegetables and sauce in separate covered containers.
In the fridge
The sauce keeps 3 days in the fridge at 4°C (40°F) or below; fried items keep 2 days.
In the freezer
The peanut sauce freezes for up to 1 month; the fried items do not freeze well.
How to reheat
Reheat the sauce gently in a pan until steaming hot, to 74°C (165°F); crisp the fritters in a hot oven for 5 minutes.
Freezing recommended
Yes — the sauce only.
Signs it has spoiled
Sour smell in the sauce, slimy bean sprouts, or a rancid smell from the peanuts.

More recipes to explore

Nasi lemak — coconut rice with crispy fried chicken, red sambal, omelette, peanuts and cucumber in a takeaway box Malaysia flag Malaysia 1h 10m
Breakfast •Malaysian Heritage

Nasi Lemak

This nasi lemak recipe brings Malaysia's national breakfast to your own table: rice steamed in coconut milk with pandan, a dark, sweet-hot sambal, golden turmeric fried chicken, and the classic little pile of crispy anchovies, roasted peanuts, boiled egg and cool cucumber. One serving is about 465 g.

Hearty & Satisfying

A full Malaysian breakfast plate — fragrant coconut rice with sambal, crispy chicken, egg, anchovies, peanuts and cucumber.

Pairs Well With
A spoonful of hot sambal and cool cucumber slices, with teh tarik or iced lime tea.
Char kway teow on a green plate — glossy flat rice noodles with fried egg, cockles, bean sprouts and garlic chives Malaysia flag Malaysia 25m
Dinner •Penang Street-Food Icon

Char Kway Teow

This char kway teow recipe tosses wide flat rice noodles in a blazing-hot wok with garlic, soy sauce, chilli paste, prawns, cockles, Chinese sausage, egg, bean sprouts and garlic chives, so the noodles pick up the smoky char called wok hei. Cook one plate at a time, exactly like a hawker stall, and eat it straight from the wok. One serving is about 475 g.

Smoky & Satisfying

Flat rice noodles seared over fierce heat with prawns, cockles, egg and bean sprouts — a fast, smoky Malaysian hawker dinner.

Pairs Well With
Pickled green chillies, cucumber slices, and iced lime tea or teh o ais
Pasta & Noodles • Quick Prep (<30m)
A white bowl of curry laksa in orange coconut curry broth with tofu puffs, fish balls, spring onions and fried shallots Malaysia flag Malaysia 50m
Lunch •Malaysian Hawker Classic

Curry Laksa

This curry laksa recipe simmers a spiced rempah paste with coconut milk and chicken stock into a rich orange broth, then pours it over rice vermicelli and egg noodles with shredded chicken, tofu puffs and crisp bean sprouts. One serving is about 703 g.

Comfort & Warmth

A rich, spiced coconut curry noodle soup with chicken, tofu puffs and bean sprouts.

Pairs Well With
Cool cucumber salad and a glass of iced lime tea
Soups & Broths • Pasta & Noodles
Roti prata and egg roti on a white plate with a bowl of chicken curry Malaysia flag Malaysia 1h 30m
Breakfast •Mamak Stall Heritage

Roti Canai

This roti canai recipe makes the flaky mamak flatbread the slow way: a soft dough rested until it stretches paper-thin, laminated with ghee, folded into squares and fried until the outside crisps and the inside stays soft and layered. It is served torn into pieces for dipping into a warm dhal curry with coconut milk, the way every mamak stall in Malaysia serves it for breakfast. One serving is about 374 g.

Comfort & Warmth

Flaky, laminated flatbread stretched paper-thin, folded and fried in ghee until crisp at the edges, torn and dipped into warm dhal curry.

Pairs Well With
Dhal curry & teh tarik

The Dinner Gazette

Never wonder what’s for dinner again

One email a week with easy dinner ideas from around the world — ingredients, steps and nutrition, tested in our kitchen first.

Delivered every Thursday morning. Unsubscribe anytime.