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Overview

Fellah Koftesi

Fellah Köftesi, Bulgur Dumplings in Tomato Sauce

This fellah koftesi recipe kneads fine bulgur with tomato paste, walnuts and spices into small dumplings, then simmers them gently in a garlicky tomato sauce until tender. It is the beloved vegan dish of southeastern Turkey, soft, tangy and deeply savoury. One serving is about 250 g.

Fellah koftesi comes from the southeast of Turkey, where bulgur is the everyday grain and the dish is named for the fellah — the farming families of the region. Unlike meat köfte, these dumplings use no meat at all: fine bulgur, tomato paste and walnuts are kneaded into small ovals and simmered in tomato sauce. It is a Friday-table and family-dinner staple around Gaziantep and Adana, and a reminder that some of Turkey's most loved dishes are entirely plant-based.

Pairs well with: Warm flatbread, shepherd's salad and ayran

Provenance

Turkey flag Turkey

Southeastern Turkish Classic

Middle Eastern

Time Dedication

1h

30m prep • 30m cook

Batch Yield

4 Servings

387 kcal per serving

1 serving ≈ 250 g

Technical Skill

Intermediate

Medium (Shaping & Simmering)

Meal Timing & Digestive Fit

Breakfast

Not Advised

Lunch

Hearty Midday Main

Dinner

Ideal Hearty Main

Snack & Tea

Inappropriate

Occasions: Family dinner, meat-free Monday, casual dinner with friends Cost: Low — about $2–3 per serving at home
Small bulgur dumplings coated in red tomato sauce with parsley in a glass bowl

Southeastern Turkish Classic

Photo: Fatih Sarsılmaz, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Heritage Formulary

Measured Ingredients

Estimated cost: Low — about $2–3 per serving at home (USD)

Made with fine bulgur, walnuts and tomato paste, simmered in a garlicky tomato sauce with no egg, butter or dairy; nutrition is estimated from USDA values.

Execution Methodology & Culinary Technique

Step-by-Step Cooking Guide

Active 1h
P

Prep Stage: Soak, Knead and Shape

30 Mins • Soaking, Kneading & Shaping

Pour 300 ml of boiling water over the fine bulgur, cover and rest for 15 minutes until soft. Meanwhile chop the onion, mince the garlic, grind the walnuts and chop the parsley. When the bulgur is soft, add the tomato paste, flour, ground walnuts, cumin, pul biber and half the salt, and knead for about 5 minutes until smooth and slightly sticky. Wet your hands and shape small oval dumplings, pressing a dent into each one with your thumb.

Maestro Tip: The thumb dent is not decoration — it helps the sauce cling and the dumpling cook through evenly.

  1. 1

    Soak the Bulgur

    15 Mins Boiling water, 100°C (212°F)

    Put the fine bulgur in a wide bowl, pour over 300 ml of boiling water, cover with a plate and leave for 15 minutes. Fluff with a fork — every grain should be soft and swollen, with no hard centre.

    If the bulgur still feels firm, sprinkle over 2 more tablespoons of hot water and rest 5 minutes longer.

    Done when: The bulgur is soft all the way through and holds together when squeezed.

  2. 2

    Knead and Shape the Dumplings

    15 Mins Room temperature, about 20°C (68°F)

    Add the tomato paste, flour, ground walnuts, cumin, pul biber and half the salt to the softened bulgur. Knead with your hands for about 5 minutes until the mixture is smooth, slightly sticky and holds together. Wet your palms and shape about 40 small oval dumplings, pressing a dent into each one with your thumb.

    Wet hands stop the dough sticking — keep a small bowl of water beside you while shaping.

    Done when: The dumplings are smooth, even and hold their shape when lifted.

  3. 3

    Make the Tomato Sauce

    10 Mins Medium heat, about 160°C (320°F)

    Heat the olive oil in a wide pan over medium heat. Cook the onion for 4 minutes until soft, add the garlic and cook 1 minute more, then pour in the crushed tomatoes, the remaining salt and a splash of water. Simmer for 5 minutes until the sauce thickens slightly.

    Do not let the garlic brown — it turns bitter and will flavour the whole sauce.

    Done when: The sauce is glossy, brick-red and smells sweet and garlicky.

  4. 4

    Simmer the Dumplings

    15 Mins Gentle simmer, about 95°C (200°F)

    Slide the dumplings into the simmering sauce one by one, shaking the pan gently so they settle in a single layer. Simmer gently for 12 to 15 minutes, shaking the pan now and then instead of stirring, until the dumplings are tender all the way through.

    Stirring breaks the dumplings — shake the pan to move them instead.

    Done when: The dumplings are soft and tender inside, and the sauce has thickened around them.

  5. 5

    Rest and Serve

    5 Mins Off the heat, about 60°C (140°F)

    Take the pan off the heat, scatter over the parsley and squeeze over the lemon juice. Rest for 5 minutes so the dumplings drink up the sauce, then serve warm with flatbread for dipping.

    The rest matters — the dumplings firm up slightly and the sauce clings better.

    Done when: The dumplings are glossy with sauce, flecked with parsley, and ready to eat.

Finishing Touches & Plating

Scatter the chopped parsley and a squeeze of lemon over the pan, rest for 5 minutes so the dumplings drink up the sauce, and serve warm with bread for dipping.

Nutritional Physiology & Benefits

Nutrition

Energy

387

kcal / serving

Protein

11g

Complete AA

Carbs

58g

Complex

Fats

15g

Healthy

Per serving (4 servings · 1 serving ≈ 250 g)
Energy387 kcal
Protein11 g
Carbohydrates58 g
Fat15 g
Fibre12.8 g
Sugar6.9 g
Sodium749 mg
Per 100g
Energy155 kcal
Protein4.4 g
Carbohydrates23.2 g
Fat5.8 g
Fibre5.1 g
Sugar2.8 g
Sodium300 mg

Nutrition values are estimated — calculated from USDA FoodData Central values for the listed ingredients.

Vitamins & minerals: Provides vitamin E and magnesium from the walnuts, vitamin C and lycopene from the tomatoes, and iron and B vitamins from the bulgur. Nutrition is estimated.

High in Fibre

Fine bulgur gives about 12.8 g of fibre per serving, which keeps the meal filling for hours.

Walnuts for Protein and Crunch

Walnuts add plant protein, healthy fats and a gentle crunch inside the soft dumplings.

Olive Oil and Tomato Sauce

The tomato sauce is cooked with olive oil, garlic and parsley — simple ingredients, no cream or butter, and fully plant-based.

Food Pairings

What to Eat With

To optimize nutrient absorption and elevate the sensory depth, pair with these authentic accompaniments:

Sides

Warm Flatbread

Soft flatbread is made for this sauce — tear it and scoop up the dumplings and every last spoon of tomato sauce.

Vegetables

Shepherd's Salad

Crisp tomato, cucumber and onion with lemon cut through the rich sauce and add fresh crunch to the soft dumplings.

Drinks

Ayran

Cold, salty ayran cools the gentle chilli heat and is the classic drink with bulgur dishes in southeastern Turkey.

Sauces

Garlic Yogurt

A spoon of garlicky yogurt on the side adds a cool, tangy contrast — keep it plant-based with a soy yogurt if you want the meal to stay vegan.

Complete menu

Serve the fellah koftesi with warm flatbread, a shepherd's salad and a glass of ayran for a complete southeastern Turkish dinner.

Digestive Guardrails

What NOT to Combine

To prevent digestive distress, sluggishness, or palate clash, avoid pairing the dish with these elements:

Under-Soaked Bulgur

Bulgur that is under-soaked makes dumplings that fall apart in the sauce — give the fine bulgur a full 15 minutes in hot water until it is soft all the way through. This is general food information, not medical advice.

Boiling the Sauce Too Hard

A sauce that boils hard will break the dumplings apart; keep it at a gentle simmer with small bubbles only. This is general food information, not medical advice.

Skipping the Kneading

Skipping the kneading leaves a crumbly dough that will not hold its shape — knead for a full 5 minutes until the mixture feels smooth and slightly sticky. This is general food information, not medical advice.

General information only, not medical advice — consult a doctor for personal dietary decisions.

Who Should Eat It

Who Should Eat

  • General adultsA satisfying vegan dinner — soft bulgur dumplings in a rich tomato sauce. One serving is about 250 g.
  • ChildrenMild, soft and easy to eat; children usually enjoy the small dumplings. Hold back the chilli flakes for young children.
  • ElderlySoft, easy to chew and gentle on digestion; serve warm in a modest portion with yoghurt or salad on the side.
  • Pregnant womenFine when the dumplings are cooked through and served hot; the tomato sauce and parsley pose no usual concern.
  • Breastfeeding womenA nourishing plant-based meal with iron from the bulgur and walnuts; the spices are mild.
  • AthletesAbout 58.0 g of carbs per serving for refuelling, plus 11.1 g of protein — pair with a bigger portion of walnuts or a lentil side for more protein.
  • Weight gainEasy to enrich: eat a full serving with bread for dipping and an extra drizzle of olive oil.
  • Weight lossAt about 387 kcal a serving with 12.8 g of fibre it is filling for its calories; keep the bread modest and load the plate with salad.

Health Conditions — Adjust or Avoid

Conditions

  • DiabetesBulgur is the main carb source — about 58.0 g per serving — but its high fibre slows digestion. Keep the portion moderate and eat plenty of salad. Ask your clinician about portion size.
  • High blood pressureThis dish carries about 749 mg of sodium per serving. Use less salt and a low-salt tomato paste if you can. Ask your clinician about your sodium target.
  • Kidney diseaseBulgur and tomatoes are fairly high in potassium and the meal is moderately high in protein, so it may not suit a restricted diet. Ask your clinician before making it a regular meal.
  • GoutA plant-based dish with no meat or seafood, so purines are low; walnuts are fine in the small amount used here. Ask your clinician if flare-ups are frequent.
  • Stomach issuesThe tomato sauce is mildly acidic and the chilli can bother a sensitive stomach — skip the pul biber and keep the portion small. Ask your clinician if symptoms persist.
  • Cardiovascular diseaseA plant-based meal with olive oil and walnuts and no saturated fat from meat or dairy — a heart-friendly choice. Keep the salt modest. Ask your clinician about fitting it into your eating plan.
  • Fatty liverA light, plant-based dinner with high fibre and no added animal fat; a good fit in a modest portion. Ask your clinician for personal guidance.
  • Food allergiesContains wheat (bulgur, flour) and tree nuts (walnuts). Use a gluten-free grain and leave out the walnuts if needed — the dumplings will be softer without them.
  • Special therapeutic dietsSuitable for vegetarian and vegan diets as written — no egg, butter or dairy. For a gluten-free diet, this dish does not work as written because bulgur is wheat. Ask your clinician or dietitian about your specific plan.

If you have a medical condition, consult your doctor before changing your diet.

Storage & Use

Storage & Use

How to store
Cool leftover fellah koftesi quickly and store in an airtight container with the sauce.
In the fridge
3 days.
In the freezer
Up to 2 months, in the sauce; thaw overnight in the fridge.
How to reheat
Reheat gently in a pan over low heat with a splash of water until the centre reaches 74°C (165°F); do not boil hard or the dumplings break.
Freezing recommended
Yes — the dumplings freeze well in their sauce.
Signs it has spoiled
Sour smell, slimy surface, or mould on the sauce.

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