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Overview

Sichuan Hot Pot

Chengdu Huo Guo — Mala Hot Pot

This Sichuan hot pot recipe builds a fiery mala broth from dried chillies, Sichuan peppercorns and doubanjiang, then lets everyone cook thinly sliced beef, tofu, vegetables and glass noodles in it right at the table. One serving is about 555 g.

Hot pot has been cooked in China for more than a thousand years, but the Sichuan version is newer: it grew out of the docks of Chongqing and Chengdu in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, where boatmen and labourers cooked cheap offal and vegetables in a shared pot of spicy broth to hide strong flavours and warm themselves. The mala combination — dried chillies for heat and Sichuan peppercorns for a numbing tingle — became the city's signature, and the yuanyang pot, divided into a spicy red side and a mild clear side, lets everyone at the table choose their own heat.

Pairs well with: Sesame oil and garlic dipping sauce, cold beer and iced plum juice

Provenance

China flag China

Chengdu Mala Style

East & South Asia

Time Dedication

55m

30m prep • 25m cook

Batch Yield

4 Servings

570 kcal per serving

1 serving ≈ 555 g

Technical Skill

Intermediate

Medium (Communal Pot)

Meal Timing & Digestive Fit

Breakfast

Not Advised

Lunch

Hearty Midday Main

Dinner

Ideal Hearty Main

Snack & Tea

Inappropriate

Occasions: Winter nights, dinner parties, celebrations, when the table should be the entertainment Cost: Medium — about $4–5 per serving at home
A divided Sichuan hot pot at a restaurant table, one side clear mushroom broth, the other red mala broth with dried chillies

Chengdu Mala Style

Photo: Breaknet2025, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Heritage Formulary

Measured Ingredients

Estimated cost: Medium — about $4–5 per serving at home (USD)

A true Sichuan hot pot broth is red with chilli oil and leaves a numbing tingle on the tongue — heat without the tingle is not mala.

Execution Methodology & Culinary Technique

Step-by-Step Cooking Guide

Active 55m
P

Prep Stage: Slice Thin, Arrange Everything

30 Mins • Knife Work

Hot pot is won or lost in the prep. Put the beef in the freezer for 30 minutes so it slices paper-thin, then cut it against the grain. Cube the tofu, chunk the cabbage, trim the enoki, slice the lotus root and keep it in water, and soak the glass noodles. Arrange everything on plates around the pot, with the dipping oil in small dishes, so nobody has to leave the table once the broth boils.

Maestro Tip: Everything must be ready before the broth boils — once the pot is bubbling, there is no time to slice anything.

  1. 1

    Bloom the Spices

    5 Mins Medium heat, about 160°C (320°F)

    Heat the oil in a large pot over medium heat, then add the doubanjiang and fry for 2 minutes until the oil turns red and the paste smells deeply savoury. Add the dried chillies, Sichuan peppercorns, ginger and garlic and fry for 1 more minute — the peppercorns should make the air smell citrusy and warm.

    Frying the paste first, before any liquid, is what gives mala broth its red oil and its depth.

    Done when: The oil is red, the paste is fragrant, and the peppercorns smell citrusy.

  2. 2

    Build the Broth

    10 Mins Rolling boil, then simmer, about 100°C (212°F)

    Pour in the chicken stock, add the spring onions, star anise, bay leaf and cinnamon, and bring to a rolling boil. Skim off any foam, then turn down to a lively simmer for 10 minutes so the spices infuse. Taste: it should be salty, spicy and numbing in that order — add a pinch of salt only if it needs it.

    Taste the broth before the cooking starts: it is the seasoning for everything that goes in after.

    Done when: The broth is red with chilli oil, smells of peppercorn, and leaves a gentle tingle on the tongue.

  3. 3

    Set the Pot on the Table

    3 Mins Broth at a rolling boil, 100°C (212°F)

    Move the pot to a portable burner in the middle of the table and bring it back to a rolling boil. Set out the plates of beef, tofu, vegetables and noodles, the dipping dishes, and a strainer or slotted spoon for each person. The broth must stay bubbling the whole meal — a pot that stops boiling is a pot that stops cooking.

    Keep the burner on high: the broth should boil hard enough to cook a slice of beef in under a minute.

    Done when: The broth is bubbling hard and the table is set.

  4. 4

    Cook in Small Batches

    15 Mins Rolling boil, 100°C (212°F)

    Each person cooks their own food in the bubbling broth: beef slices 30–60 seconds until just browned, tofu 3–4 minutes, napa cabbage 2 minutes, enoki 1 minute, lotus root 3–4 minutes until just tender, glass noodles 2–3 minutes. Fish food out with the strainer, dip in sesame oil, and eat. Cook a little at a time — the pot is not a dumping ground.

    Thin slices cook in seconds: if the beef is grey all the way through and curling tight, it has been in too long.

    Done when: Beef is browned on the outside and still pink in the middle; vegetables are tender but still crisp.

  5. 5

    Finish with the Noodles

    5 Mins Rolling boil, 100°C (212°F)

    When everyone has had their fill, drop the soaked glass noodles into the broth for the last 2–3 minutes — they drink up all the flavour the meal has built. Ladle them out, divide between bowls with a little broth, and finish the meal.

    The noodles go in last because they soak up the broth — put them in early and there is no broth left for anyone else.

    Done when: The noodles are soft, glossy and stained red with the broth.

Finishing Touches & Plating

End the meal with the glass noodles cooked in the broth, and a last ladle of broth in each bowl — by then the broth carries the flavour of everything that was cooked in it, and that is the best part of the pot.

Nutritional Physiology & Benefits

Nutrition

Energy

570

kcal / serving

Protein

39g

Complete AA

Carbs

41g

Complex

Fats

30g

Healthy

Per serving (4 servings · 1 serving ≈ 555 g)
Energy570 kcal
Protein39 g
Carbohydrates41 g
Fat30 g
Fibre7.0 g
Sugar3.2 g
Sodium781 mg
Per 100g
Energy103 kcal
Protein7 g
Carbohydrates7.4 g
Fat5.4 g
Fibre1.3 g
Sugar0.6 g
Sodium141 mg

Nutrition values are estimated — calculated from USDA FoodData Central values for the listed ingredients.

Vitamins & minerals: Vitamin B12 and iron (beef), calcium (tofu), vitamin C (napa cabbage), vitamin B6 (beef, lotus root).

Protein, Cooked Your Way

About 47 g of protein per serving from beef and tofu, cooked in seconds so it stays tender and juicy.

Vegetables Stay Crisp

Cooking vegetables for just a minute or two in the broth keeps their crunch and their vitamin C.

A Meal That Slows Everyone Down

Cooking bite by bite at the table turns dinner into an unhurried, shared hour — and slow eating is easier on the stomach.

Food Pairings

What to Eat With

To optimize nutrient absorption and elevate the sensory depth, pair with these authentic accompaniments:

Sauces

Sesame Oil and Garlic Dip

A plain sesame-oil dip cools the chilli heat and adds a nutty richness that the broth alone does not have.

Vegetables

Extra Leafy Greens

More cabbage or bok choy gives the meal crunch and freshness, and the greens soak up the mala broth beautifully.

Drinks

Cold Beer or Iced Plum Juice

Something cold and lightly sweet is the classic answer to mala heat — beer for adults, plum juice for everyone.

Full Menus

As a Chengdu Hot Pot Night

Serve the pot as the whole meal, with plates of food arranged around it and the noodles to finish — the way Chengdu restaurants do it.

Complete menu

Serve the pot as the whole meal with plates of beef, tofu and vegetables around it, sesame oil for dipping, and glass noodles to finish.

Digestive Guardrails

What NOT to Combine

To prevent digestive distress, sluggishness, or palate clash, avoid pairing the dish with these elements:

Drinking Large Amounts of the Broth

The broth is delicious but very salty and oily — a small bowl at the end is plenty, and drinking cup after cup adds a lot of sodium and fat. This is general guidance, not medical advice.

Leaving Food in the Pot

Food left simmering in the broth overcooks, falls apart and turns the pot cloudy — cook a little, eat it, then cook more.

General information only, not medical advice — consult a doctor for personal dietary decisions.

Who Should Eat It

Who Should Eat

  • General adultsA fun, communal dinner — cook a little at a time and eat as you go.
  • ChildrenSuitable from age 8+ with a mild broth (fewer chillies, no peppercorns in their portion); help them fish food out safely.
  • ElderlyEnjoy a modest portion — the food is soft and easy to eat, but the broth is spicy and salty.
  • Pregnant womenGenerally suitable if the beef is cooked through; keep the broth portion small because of the salt and chilli.
  • Breastfeeding womenGenerally suitable; the protein supports recovery — keep the chilli moderate.
  • AthletesA strong post-workout meal: about 47 g of protein per serving with noodles for glycogen.
  • Weight gainA good choice — take a full portion with extra noodles at the end.
  • Weight lossAn occasional treat — the broth is rich and salty; favour the vegetables and tofu and keep the broth to a small bowl.

Health Conditions — Adjust or Avoid

Conditions

  • DiabetesThe glass noodles are the main source of carbs — keep the noodle portion modest and ask your clinician about portion size.
  • High blood pressureThe broth is very salty — drink only a small bowl and do not add extra soy sauce. Ask your clinician about a suitable portion.
  • Kidney diseaseLimit the broth (sodium and potassium); ask your clinician about portion size.
  • GoutEat occasionally and in smaller portions — beef and rich broth are high in purines.
  • Stomach issuesThe chilli and peppercorns can irritate a sensitive stomach — eat a small portion and favour the mild side of the pot.
  • Cardiovascular diseaseAn occasional food — the broth is high in saturated fat and sodium; balance the rest of the day.
  • Fatty liverAn occasional treat — the broth is rich; keep the portion small and favour the tofu and vegetables.
  • Food allergiesContains sesame (sesame oil), soy (tofu, doubanjiang), wheat (doubanjiang often contains wheat flour — check the label) and beef. The broth is naturally dairy-free.
  • Special therapeutic dietsIf you follow a prescribed low-sodium or low-fat diet, take a small portion, use a light broth, and check with your clinician.

If you have a medical condition, consult your doctor before changing your diet.

Storage & Use

Storage & Use

How to store
Cool the leftover broth quickly and store broth and leftover ingredients separately in airtight containers.
In the fridge
Broth 3 days; cooked ingredients 2 days; raw ingredients should be cooked the same day.
In the freezer
Broth 3 months.
How to reheat
Bring the broth to a rolling boil before cooking anything in it again. Reheat to 74°C (165°F).
Freezing recommended
Yes — the broth freezes very well for up to 3 months.
Signs it has spoiled
Sour or off smell in the broth, slimy tofu or vegetables, or a dull, grey colour on the beef.

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