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Overview

Cig Kofte

Cig Kofte, Çiğ Köfte, Turkish Bulgur Patties

This cig kofte recipe makes soft, spicy Turkish bulgur patties with walnuts, tomato and red pepper paste, and pomegranate molasses — no meat, no cooking, just kneading. One serving is about 221 g, and the patties are ready in 25 minutes.

Cig kofte comes from the south-eastern Turkish cities of Adıyaman and Şanlıurfa, where legend says it was first made by kneading raw meat with bulgur and spices. Because raw meat carries food-safety risks, Turkish food regulations led sellers to the modern meat-free version: fine bulgur kneaded with walnuts, tomato and pepper paste, isot pepper and pomegranate molasses. Today it is a beloved street food, shaped into ridged ovals and eaten wrapped in lettuce with lemon.

Pairs well with: Serve wrapped in lettuce with lemon wedges; the cool lettuce and sharp lemon balance the spicy, tangy patties.

Provenance

Turkey flag Turkey

Southeastern Turkey Street-Food Classic

Middle Eastern

Time Dedication

25m

20m prep • 5m cook

Batch Yield

4 Servings

427 kcal per serving

1 serving ≈ 221 g

Technical Skill

Intermediate

Medium (Kneading)

Meal Timing & Digestive Fit

Breakfast

Not Advised

Lunch

Inappropriate

Dinner

Inappropriate

Snack & Tea

Ideal Light Bite

Occasions: An afternoon snack, a meze spread, a picnic, when you want something spicy without cooking Cost: Low — about $2–3 per serving at home
Red cig kofte patties served on green lettuce leaves with a lemon wedge

Southeastern Turkey Street-Food Classic

Photo: E4024, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Heritage Formulary

Measured Ingredients

Estimated cost: Low — about $2–3 per serving at home (USD)

Good cig kofte is smooth, dark red and holds its shape, with a smoky chilli heat and a sour-sweet finish.

Execution Methodology & Culinary Technique

Step-by-Step Cooking Guide

Active 25m
P

Prep Stage: Soften the Bulgur

20 Mins • Knife Work

Pour the boiling water over the fine bulgur, cover the bowl and leave it for 15 minutes until the grains are soft and swollen. While it rests, toast the walnuts lightly and chop them very finely, grate the onion, mince the garlic, and chop the parsley and spring onions.

Maestro Tip: Use fine bulgur, not coarse — coarse grains stay gritty no matter how long you knead.

  1. 1

    Toast the Walnuts

    5 Mins Medium heat, about 160°C (320°F)

    Put the walnuts in a dry pan over medium heat and toast for 4–5 minutes, shaking the pan often, until they smell nutty and look a shade darker. Tip them onto a board, let them cool for 2 minutes, then chop very finely or pulse in a food processor until they look like coarse crumbs.

    Watch them closely — walnuts go from toasted to burnt in under a minute.

    Done when: The walnuts smell nutty and are chopped to coarse crumbs.

  2. 2

    Soak the Bulgur

    15 Mins Boiling water, 100°C (212°F), then resting

    Pour the 240 ml of boiling water over the fine bulgur in a large bowl, stir once, cover tightly and leave for 15 minutes. The grains should swell, soften and absorb almost all the water.

    Cover tightly — escaping steam means dry, gritty bulgur.

    Done when: The bulgur is soft, swollen and holds together when pressed.

  3. 3

    Knead the Mixture

    10 Mins Room temperature, ~20°C (68°F)

    Add the tomato paste, red pepper paste, grated onion, garlic, isot pepper, cumin, pomegranate molasses and olive oil to the bulgur. Knead with your hands for 8–10 minutes, pressing and folding the mixture, until it turns smooth, dark red and sticky enough to hold its shape. Fold in the walnuts, parsley, spring onions and lemon juice.

    Kneading is the cooking here — it softens the bulgur and marries the flavours, so do not rush it.

    Done when: The mixture is smooth, dark red and holds together when squeezed.

  4. 4

    Shape the Patties

    5 Mins Room temperature, ~20°C (68°F)

    Wet your hands lightly and shape the mixture into 16 small oval patties, pressing each one between your palms and pinching it lightly with your fingers to make the classic ridged shape. Lay them on a plate lined with lettuce leaves.

    Wet hands stop the mixture sticking and give smooth, ridged patties.

    Done when: 16 even, ridged oval patties, ready to chill.

  5. 5

    Chill and Serve

    5 Mins Chilled, about 4°C (39°F)

    Cover the patties and chill for at least 15 minutes so they firm up and the flavours settle. Serve cold or at room temperature on lettuce leaves, with lemon wedges for squeezing over each bite.

    Chilling firms the patties so they hold together in the lettuce wrap.

    Done when: The patties are firm, cool and dark red, with lemon wedges on the side.

Finishing Touches & Plating

Shape the patties, chill them briefly, and serve at once with lettuce leaves and lemon wedges — the patties are best cool and fresh.

Nutritional Physiology & Benefits

Nutrition

Energy

427

kcal / serving

Protein

11g

Complete AA

Carbs

53g

Complex

Fats

22g

Healthy

Per serving (4 servings · 1 serving ≈ 221 g)
Energy427 kcal
Protein11 g
Carbohydrates53 g
Fat22 g
Fibre12.8 g
Sugar7.2 g
Sodium91 mg
Per 100g
Energy193 kcal
Protein5.1 g
Carbohydrates24.1 g
Fat10 g
Fibre5.8 g
Sugar3.3 g
Sodium41 mg

Nutrition values are estimated — calculated from USDA FoodData Central values for the listed ingredients.

Vitamins & minerals: Vitamin E and magnesium (walnuts), vitamin C and K (parsley and onion), folate (bulgur).

Fibre-Rich and Filling

About 13 g of fibre per serving, mostly from the bulgur — a snack that keeps you full without being heavy.

Walnuts for Healthy Fats

Walnuts bring plant-based omega-3 fats, vitamin E and magnesium, and give the patties their rich, satisfying texture.

No Cooking, All Plants

A fully plant-based snack made by kneading, not frying — light, fresh and easy on the stomach.

Food Pairings

What to Eat With

To optimize nutrient absorption and elevate the sensory depth, pair with these authentic accompaniments:

Vegetables

Lettuce Leaves

Lettuce is the classic wrap — its cool crunch and mild flavour let the spicy, tangy patties shine.

Sides

Tomato and Onion Salad

A simple salad of tomato, onion and parsley with lemon adds freshness and a second crunch to the plate.

Drinks

Ayran

Cold, salty ayran is the traditional drink with cig kofte — its cool tang calms the chilli heat.

Full Menus

As Part of a Meze Spread

Serve the patties with hummus, olives and flatbread for a sociable Turkish meze table.

Complete menu

Serve the cig kofte with lettuce, lemon and ayran, add a simple tomato salad, and finish with fresh fruit — a light, bright Turkish snack table.

Digestive Guardrails

What NOT to Combine

To prevent digestive distress, sluggishness, or palate clash, avoid pairing the dish with these elements:

Leaving the Patties Out for Hours

This is a fresh, uncooked dish — leaving it at room temperature for hours lets bacteria grow, so keep it chilled and eat it the same day. This is general guidance, not medical advice.

A Second Very Spicy Dish at the Same Meal

Isot pepper and red pepper paste already make the patties hot — another fiery dish alongside can leave some people with stomach discomfort. This is general guidance, not medical advice.

General information only, not medical advice — consult a doctor for personal dietary decisions.

Who Should Eat It

Who Should Eat

  • General adultsA light, spicy snack — plant-based, fibre-rich and easy to share.
  • ChildrenMild versions work well for older children: use half the isot pepper and keep the patties small.
  • ElderlySoft and easy to eat, with no chewing effort; keep the chilli mild and serve the patties cool.
  • Pregnant womenFine as a fresh snack, but the dish is uncooked — use fresh ingredients, clean hands and eat it the same day.
  • Breastfeeding womenA light, plant-based snack; use fresh ingredients and eat it the same day.
  • AthletesA good light pre-training snack: carbohydrate and fibre for steady energy, eaten 2–3 hours before exercise.
  • Weight gainA good choice — take a generous serving with lettuce, tomato salad and bread.
  • Weight lossA good choice — the patties are filling for their calories; keep the bread modest and load up on lettuce and salad.

Health Conditions — Adjust or Avoid

Conditions

  • DiabetesBulgur raises blood sugar slowly, but the portion matters — keep the bread modest and ask your clinician about portion size.
  • High blood pressureThe dish is naturally low in sodium (about 91 mg per serving) — a good choice, but watch salty breads alongside; ask your clinician.
  • Kidney diseaseThe dish is plant-based and low in sodium — a reasonable choice; ask your clinician about portion size.
  • GoutThe dish is plant-based and low in purines — a reasonable choice for an occasional snack.
  • Stomach issuesIsot pepper and pomegranate molasses can irritate a sensitive stomach — use a mild version and eat a small portion first.
  • Cardiovascular diseaseA good choice — the dish is rich in fibre and plant fats, with no saturated fat from meat.
  • Fatty liverKeep the portion modest and favour lettuce and salad over extra bread.
  • Food allergiesContains tree nuts (walnuts) and gluten (bulgur is wheat); naturally vegan and dairy-free.
  • Special therapeutic dietsA plant-based, low-sodium snack that suits many therapeutic diets — check with your clinician about nut and gluten restrictions.

If you have a medical condition, consult your doctor before changing your diet.

Storage & Use

Storage & Use

How to store
Cover tightly and store in an airtight container in the fridge.
In the fridge
1 day — eat the same day for the best flavour and texture.
In the freezer
Not recommended — the patties turn crumbly on thawing.
How to reheat
Do not reheat — cig kofte is served cold or at room temperature.
Freezing recommended
No — the texture does not survive freezing.
Signs it has spoiled
Sour smell, slimy surface, or a dull, grey colour.

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